WHAT ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF FOOTINGS?

Footings can be of the following types.

1. Spread or isolated or pad footing
2. Strap footing
3. Combined footing
4. Strip or continuous footing
5. Mat or raft footing

什么is Spread Footing or Isolated or Pad Footing?

It is circular, square or rectangular slab of uniform thickness. Sometimes, it is stepped to spread the load over a larger area. When footing is provided to support an individual column, it is called “isolated footing”.

什么is Strap Footing?

It consists of two isolated footings connected with a structural strap or a lever, as shown in figure below. The strap connects the footing such that they behave as one unit. The strap simply acts as a connecting beam. A strap footing is more economical than a combined footing when the allowable soil pressure is relatively high and distance between the columns is large.

什么is Combined Footing?

它支持两列，如下图所示。当两列彼此靠近时，它们的各个基位将重叠。当物质线如此接近一列时，还提供了组合的基础，当在物质线内完全偏心时，差距偏心偏心。通过将其与内部柱的结合，负载均匀分布。组合脚可以是计划中的矩形或梯形。当柱上的负载大于另一柱时，提供梯形脚踏。

什么is Strip Footing or Continuous Footing?

A strip footing is another type of spread footing which is provided for a load bearing wall. A strip footing can also be provided for a row of columns which are so closely spaced that their spread footings overlap or nearly touch each other. In such cases, it is more economical to provide a strip footing than to provide a number of spread footings in one line. A strip footing is also known as continuous footing.

什么is Mat or Raft Footing?

它是一个大的板坯，在整个结构或大部分结构下支撑了多个柱和墙壁。当允许的土壤压力低或柱子和墙壁如此接近时，需要垫子，所以单个基位将重叠或几乎互相触摸。垫基础可用于减少非均质土壤上的差动沉降，或者在各个柱上的负载中存在大的变化。