Presentation of Geotechnical Investigation Report

岩土研究和分析完成后，必须以标准报告格式编译信息和发现。该报告是所有已知与该项目有关的岩土技术数据的永久记录，并在整个项目的设计，构造和服务寿命中被提及。数据和建议通常在岩土工程报告中编译。岩土工程报告的目的是以清晰的方式介绍收集的数据，从数据中得出结论，并就项目的岩土技术方面提出建议。使用报告的主要客户是道路设计师，桥梁工程师，建筑人员和承包商。岩土工程报告是一份专业文件，必须在注册专业工程师的指导下准备。当顾问准备报告时，必须对分配给项目的岩土工程师进行审查，记录和保留顾问的建议。除纸质副本外，还必须将所有最终报告，计算，无聊的日志，详细信息等通过紧凑型磁盘（CD）提交给部门。

岩土技术Report Organization

The Geotechnical Report contains factual data, interpretations, engineering studies and analyses, and recommendations for design and construction. The report should be formatted to present information using a standardized approach, so that users are able to locate information readily and consistently. The format and contents of the Geotechnical Report are somewhat dependent on the type of project. The general outline for a Geotechnical Report is as follows:

1. 标题页
2. Table of Contents
3. Executive Summary (optional)
4. 介绍

• 一般的
• Scope
• Other reports and investigations

5. 项目介绍
6. Geologic Conditions and Seismicity

• Local Geology
• 过错和地震

7. Field Investigations (summary, with details in Appendices A, B, D, and E)
8. 实验室分析（总结，附录C中的详细信息）
9. Discussion (with supporting figures in Appendix A)

• 预期的地下条件（土壤，岩石，地下水）
• Geologic Hazards
• 一般的Site Evaluation

10. Summary of Engineering Analyses and Calculations (typically a summary will suffice in a main section of the Geotechnical Report, and the detailed documentation of analyses and calculation could be in an appendix or as a separate report.)
11. Recommendations

• 现场分级和土方
  • Use of Materials
  • Embankments
  • Cut Slopes
  • 引流
• 岩石斜坡（坡度，稳定，岩石降落）
• Foundations
  • 扩展基础
  • Driven Piles
  • 钻井轴
  • Micro piles
• Retaining Walls
• Construction Specifications
• Recommended Construction Observations, Testing and Instrumentation
• 关闭

12. 参考
13. 附录A：数字

• 站点位置图
• 土壤Boring Location Map
• Geologic Mapping
• 支持现场条件的照片
• 解释地质横截面
• 推荐的设计细节

14. 附录b: Subsurface Explorations Data

• 无聊的日志密钥
• 无聊的日志
• Test Pit Logs
• 地球物理数据

15. 附录c: Laboratory Test Results

• Test Result Summary Sheets
• Particle Size Distribution Report Sheets (gradation curves)
• 整合测试报告Sheets and/or Summary Table
• Triaxial Test Results Sheets and/or Summary Table
• Direct Shear Test Report Sheets and/or Summary Table
• 化学分析结果表和/或摘要表

16. 附录D：原位测试结果
17. 附录e: Instrumentation Results

1.TITLE PAGE

The title page should include the formal name of the project, the project identification number, the county, the date the report was finalized, and the names with titles of report preparers and their signatures (which include the author, the reviewer, and approval by the overseeing engineer).

2.TABLE OF CONTENTS

The table of contents should list the report sections and subsections, followed by appendices. A list of tables and figures should be included. A table of contents is not necessary for a short report or technical memorandum.

3.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

高管摘要可能是理想的，以便以简短而简单的方式帮助提供最重要的发现和建议。简短的报告或技术备忘录不需要执行摘要。

4.介绍

This section introduces the scope of work as it relates to the general project description (a more detailed project description is provided in the next report section). A list of previous reports and investigations that are relevant to the current project and site should be identified in this introductory section.

5。PROJECT DESCRIPTION

本节介绍了项目的要素和岩土与技术相关的项目。提供调查过程中收到的项目信息列表（对齐，基础布局，30％的计划，SCOUR估算等）。详细信息应包括各种分级要求和结构需求。应该确定项目约束。

设计负载和地震标准应予以解决。提供现有道路的宽度，组成和状况的描述。如果适用，提供所使用的冲刷深度（通常由液压工程师确定）。附近地图可用于显示项目的一般位置。

6。GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS AND SEISMICITY

This section describes the known and published geology of the site and vicinity, as well as the regional and local seismicity. Provide a description of significant geologic and topographic features of the site. The principal geologic formations are described, along with their soil and rock characteristics. The general thicknesses (and contact elevations) of the principal geologic units should be described based on available information. Describe both natural and man-made features that are of construction importance or need to be protected.

包括相关的地质映射。确定地震活动的最接近的缺点和区域，以及已发表的预期横向地面加速度（如可靠的地质出版物中所述）。

7。现场调查

This section presents an overview of the exploration program. Information presented here should include geologic reconnaissance work, the method of subsurface explorations, in situ testing, and instrumentation. The sampling methods should be briefly described. Each boring and test pit should be identified and labeled, along with its depth and purpose. Provide a sentence referencing the exploration logs, in situ test results, and instrumentation results in the appendices.

8.LABORATORY ANALYSES

列出执行的测试类型并汇总结果，并在附录中留下详细信息。简要描述实验室测试中的关键发现。在附录中提供引用实验室测试结果的句子。

9.DISCUSSION

The subsurface conditions should be described along the route of the project. This might require splitting the discussion into sections along the alignment. Describe the engineering characteristics and anticipated behavior of each soil and rock unit. Identify potentially difficult or problematic conditions. Describe any precedent information such as past slope performance or instabilities and ground settlement evidence. The groundwater regimes throughout the project should be described. Describe any potential geologic hazards, such as unstable slopes and rock fall hazards.

10。ANALYSIS & CALCULATIONS

一组完整的分析计算应充分记录并保存在单独的文件或报告中。顾问的所有计算均由岩土工程师审查。岩土工程师审查并向顾问提出建议，并将其纳入计算中。顾问对所有可交付成果的准确性和完整性负责。

提供进行岩土工程分析和研究的概述。描述每组分析的目的，并提供所使用的假设，相应的结果以及对项目的影响。如有必要，详细信息应包含在附录中。如果适用，应为所有结构提供替代基础，包括扩张基础，驱动的桩和钻孔轴的分析。对进行的分析的描述以及有关为什么消除特定基础替代方案的解释。

11.RECOMMENDATIONS

岩土工程师必须为所有土方，岩石斜坡，挡土墙，地基和岩土工程问题提供建议。必须用挖掘的材料来描述其行为新利客户和作为借用材料的适用性。解决材料如何满足借入材料的部门标新利客户准。必须解决不合适的材料及新利客户其位置。

If groundwater or seepage could impact the project, describe any recommended drainage systems and their locations. Estimate earthwork shrink/swell factors to allow for computation of earthwork quantities.

Provide recommendations for embankment construction, including methods to ensure slope stability and manage settlement. Estimate the magnitude and rate of settlement.

评估可能的替代方案，如果定居所需的幅度或时间过高，并根据经济分析，时间和环境限制建议治疗。

When addressing stability, describe the factor of safety criteria and the level achieved with the recommended approach. Evaluate possible treatment alternatives if the factor of safety is too low. Provide recommendations for any ground improvement. Reinforced slopes, if to be used, should be detailed for design. Landslide mitigation measures require detailed design recommendations.

提供岩石坡度的建议，包括设计坡度（合适的切坡角）和辐射区域尺寸。应描述岩石跌落的潜力，并应详细介绍任何建议的缓解。

应为所有结构提供基础建议，包括桥梁，声墙，固定墙，通道，盒装和杆子。解决浅层基础和深层基础的使用，并描述每个基础的优势和缺点。为首选基础类型提供详细的建议。对于浅基础，根据定居点和轴承能力提供建议的底部底部和允许土壤压力的建议。描述合适的桩类型和设计选择和排除的原因。为选定的桩尺寸替代提供土壤阻力图。

应开发图，以指示戴维森的曲线和最终的土壤耐药性与抬高，并应显示最终轴承和皮肤摩擦以及总电阻。每个地块都应考虑冲刷深度。对于每个钻孔，将对建议的桩尺寸进行单独的桩分析。应为每个分析提供相应的桩容量曲线。当在桩组的位置或概括土壤地层的一个以上无聊的位置钻孔时，对每个桩尺寸进行了一项设计分析。桩的建议包括：

• 横向容量
• Vertical (axial) capacity
• Seismic criteria and design parameters
• Minimum pile length or tip elevation (related to axial capacity)
• Minimum pile spacing
• Estimated pile settlement or pile group settlement
• 如果适用，冲刷，向下阻力和侧向挤压的影响。
• Pile cap depths or elevations
• 达到估计的轴承高程（包括容量分析中使用的估计的冲刷量），将遇到最大驾驶阻力
• Recommended locations of test piles and pile installation criteria for dynamic monitoring
• 选择负载测试类型，位置和深度（如果适用）

建议哪种保留墙类型适合该项目。提供有关首选墙类型设计的详细建议。包括对拉式，地理纹理，加固材料等的任何要求。新利客户

描述道路建设（振动辊，公用事业发掘，定居点等）对周围结构的影响以及它们可能对建筑过程中结构使用的任何可能影响。必须评估与建筑活动相近的结构，以评估这些活动造成的潜在损害。保证后，需要提供有关某些操作，基础和监视的建议，以减少施工的破坏效果。Where there is a potential impact on existing buildings in the surrounding area, include the structure’s address, type of construction, the estimated vibration level that may cause damage, the usage (storage building, hospital, etc.), what the potential problem may be and what actions should be taken to minimize the impact in the report.

根据项目的需求以及要执行的工作的相对复杂性或批判性，提供了岩土技术测试，观察和/或仪器的建议。描述执行测试和仪器的好处，以及如果没有执行或意外损坏仪器，可能会带来可能的后果。列出要使用的测试和仪器及其计划的位置。

12.参考

引用岩土评估和分析中使用的参考文献。

13.FIGURES

Figures are typically presented in附录A。。主要数字应包括：

• Topographic site plan, usually with a vicinity map
• Boring location map
• Geologic mapping
• Supporting photographs of site conditions
• Geologic cross-sections and typical sections along the alignment, if approved by the Principal Geotechnical Engineer
• Recommended design details

14.SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS DATA

The details of the exploration methods are in the main body of the Geotechnical Report and do not need to be repeated in the appendices. On large projects, a Summary Table with borings listed in numerical order and their corresponding stationing locations may be included to allow the reader to find boring locations and numbers readily. Subsurface exploration data including Boring Logs, Test Pit Logs, and/or Geophysical plots are typically presented in附录b。需要包括无聊日志的关键。

15.LABORATORY TESTS RESULTS

实验室测试结果的摘要表和诸如固结，剪切强度，三轴和渐变等测试结果的详细图表。附录c。

16。原位测试结果

任何原位测试（SPT除外）以及相应的测试数据和结果的详细信息通常在附录d。

17。INSTRUMENTATION RESULTS

仪表安装和t的细节he monitoring program are typically presented in附录e。The results of the monitoring program are typically included.