建筑结构的基本组件是什么？18新利官网登录在线

建筑物的基本18新利官网登录在线组件

建筑包括以下基本组件。18新利官网登录在线

1.基础

必须以这种方式均匀地分布土壤上的整个建筑载荷是必要的，使得没有损坏的定居点。因此，基础需要在良好/实际地上构建。

2. Plinth

通常在地面上方建造一个底座，并在基础之后立即构建。它升起了地面上方的地板，在此防止表面水进入建筑物。

3. DAMP证明课程（DPC）

潮湿的验证过程是一层防水材料，如沥青或防水水泥。墙壁在潮湿的舞台上方建造。

Damp proof course prevents surface water from rising into the walls.

Dampness reduces the strength of the walls and creates unhealthy living conditions. Also it affects the paint and plaster and increasing the cost of maintenance.

Damp proofing layer is not required where a plinth beam is constructed, because the plinth beam already performs like a DPC.

4.普利梁梁

根据建筑物和土壤性质的结构的类型构造柱形梁。它在建筑物和地震损害方面提供了额外的稳定性。

5.楼层

这是我们大部分活动的表面。地板铺设了填充物和随后的楼层。

Flooring can be done with different materials, but care must be given that the ground below the floor is well compacted. Flooring is done to prevent dampness from rising to the top and to have a firm platform that can be kept hygienic and clean.

6.墙壁

墙壁是屋顶最终休息的垂直元素。它们可以由不同材料制成，如砖，石头，泥浆，混凝土块，后壁块等新利客户。如果墙壁很长，可以提供柱子以携带屋顶。

墙壁提供隐私和外壳。墙壁还提供安全性和保护防止风，雨和阳光等自然元素。

开口以墙壁提供供入网和通风。

7. Openings

开口通常在墙壁中提供为门，窗户和呼吸机。

Doors provide access; windows and ventilators provide light and ventilation.

伦丝克are constructed just above the openings. It is normally a stone slab or a concrete slab.

窗台is the part of the wall that is just below the window.

门楣构造支撑上面的墙the openings. In earthquake prone areas a continuous lintel beam is provided all over the walls.

8.楼梯

A stair is a sequence of steps and it is provided to afford the means of ascent and descent between the floors and landings.

The apartment or room of a building in which stair is located is called staircase. The space or opening occupied by the stair is called a stairway.

建筑物中使用不同类型的楼梯，如RCC楼梯，木质楼梯，金属楼梯，砖楼梯等。

9.屋顶

屋顶为建筑物和生活在其中的人提供保护。屋顶靠在墙壁上，需要适当的锚定，使风和其他机械冲击无法破坏。屋顶可以具有不同的形状，但它始终是平坦的或倾斜的。

屋顶通常由RCC，石板，瓷砖等制成。

10.表面/饰面

外部饰面是大部分保护层，保护结构免受风化。内饰是内部面孔上给出的层。他们给了内部给予耐用性和令人愉悦的外观。